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Colfax is a city within Jasper County, Iowa, United States. Colfax is about 24 miles east of Des Moines. The town was founded in 1866, and was named for Schuyler Colfax, vice-president with U.S. Grant. The population was 2,093 at the 2010 census. ==History== Colfax was laid out in 1866. It is named for Schuyler Colfax. In its heyday, the city of Colfax had two main industries that drew thousands to the area: the mining of coal, and the use of the mineral springs discovered near the city. The first large scale coal mine in Jasper County was the Watson No. 1 Mine, 5 miles southeast of town, connected to the Rock Island by a long railroad spur. From 1881 to 1900, the Jasper County Coal and Railway Company operated a number of mines north of Colfax. The Colfax Consolidated Coal Company formed in 1902, bringing the mines of Colfax under a common operator. They opened mine No. 8 in 1905; this was one of the best equipped mines in the state. The coal camp of Severs was run by this company.〔James H. Lees, History of Coal Mining in Iowa, Chapter III of (Annual Report, 1908 ), Iowa Geological Survey, 1909, 564–565.〕 United Mine Workers local 56 was organized in Colfax in 1899; by 1907, it had 352 members. Mine wages varied from $2.36 to $2.56 per day.〔Trade Unions in Iowa, (Thirteenth Report of the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the State of Iowa for the period 1906-1907 ), Des Moines, 1908; page 200.〕 In 1912, the UMW union had two locals based in Colfax, Local 56, with 350 members, and Local 671, with 230 members.〔Tally Sheet, (Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Convention of the United Mine Workers of America ) Jan. 16 – Feb. 2, 1912, Indianapolis; Volume 2, pages 180A-182A.〕 In the process of drilling for coal in 1875, a well containing high mineral content was discovered near Colfax. The city flourished with this new discovery, and over the next four decades, thousands of people visited the town to partake in the healing powers of the fourteen mineral springs there. Nine hotels offering mineral baths and spa treatments opened to house guests, and four bottling companies opened to produce bottled mineral water for the masses. In 1912–1913, the city received funding to build a Carnegie library. The library is still in use today. The booming business of the city's mineral springs industry declined and died out as the Great Depression swept the country.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Colfax, Iowa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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